Living Environment Regents Practice Test

Which concept is matched with an example from The Beaks of Finches lab?

1. Adaptation - finches changing their mating habits

2. Variation - different "beaks" were available

3. Selection - all finches surviving equally

4. Invasion - introduction of a new predator species

The correct answer is: Variation - different "beaks" were available

The concept of variation is accurately matched with the example of different "beaks" available in the finches studied in the lab. This variation refers to the differences in beak size and shape among the finch populations on the Galápagos Islands, which have evolved over time to adapt to the specific food sources available in their environment. Each finch species shows unique beak characteristics that allow them to exploit different ecological niches, demonstrating the important role of variation in natural selection. Variation is crucial because it provides the raw material for evolution and allows populations to adapt over generations to changing environmental conditions, leading to survival and reproductive success. In contrast, adaptation involves changes within a species as it adjusts to specific environmental challenges, while selection refers to the differential survival and reproduction of individuals based on their traits. The concept of invasion typically involves the introduction of new species into an ecosystem, which does not directly apply to the focus of the finch study.