Living Environment Regents Practice Test

Which factor contributes to environmental toxins affecting male fertility?

1. The impact on brain function.

2. The alteration of hormone levels.

3. The strengthening of immune responses.

4. The stimulation of gamete production.

The correct answer is: The alteration of hormone levels.

The alteration of hormone levels is a key factor contributing to environmental toxins affecting male fertility. Environmental toxins, such as pesticides, heavy metals, and industrial chemicals, can interfere with the endocrine system, which is responsible for hormone production and regulation. Disruption in hormone levels, particularly androgens like testosterone, can lead to various reproductive issues, including reduced sperm production, changes in sperm morphology, and impairments in sexual function. Hormonal imbalances can affect key processes such as spermatogenesis—the production of sperm in the testes—resulting in lower fertility rates. This understanding emphasizes the importance of monitoring and regulating environmental exposures to protect reproductive health, particularly in males. The other factors listed do not directly address the primary ways environmental toxins impact male fertility. For instance, while brain function is crucial for coordinating reproductive behavior, it is the hormonal alterations that have a more direct impact on fertility outcomes. Similarly, the immune response and gamete production stimulation are not the primary mechanisms through which these toxins exert their negative effects on male fertility.